- Alcohols, Halides,Ethers, and Keytones
- Organic Compounds can contain elements other than C and H, these are known as Functional Groups
- Carbon Chain without functional groups are written R-OH
- There are 9 different functional groups
- Alcohols
- Ketones
- Amines
- Halides
- Carboxylic Acids
- Amides
- Aldehydes
- Esthers
- Esters
I) Alcohols
- is a hydrocarbon with a -OH bonded to it
- Parent ends with -ol
- Ie: 2 methyl 3 pentaol, 2 ethyl 2,3 dimethyl 1 butanol
- If there is more than 1 -OH bonded, ending becomes (-diol,triol.tec)
- IE. 1 2 Ethandiol
II) Halides
- Groups 7 [F CL Br I ]
- Floro/Chloro/Bromo/Ido
- IE) 4 ethyl 2 methyl 1 bromo cyclohexane
III) Keytones
- a double bonded oxygen
- add -one to ending
IV) Aldehydes
- doubled bonded oxygen
- add -al to ending
- simplest form is "Formaldehyde"
Methanol= "Formaldehyde" |
V) Carboxylic Acids
- Change the parent chain to -oic acid
- Simplest form Methanoic Acid
VI) Ethers
- Oxygen group connected to two alkyl
- 2 carbon chains connected by O2
- Names the smallest 1st
- Name the 2nd alkyl followed by the ether
- Dimethyl Ether